I recently had to implement a pair of cascading DropDownLists for an ASP.NET Web project and found very little workable code samples on Google. Here's the code that worked for me.

The second DropDownList is enabled based on the selection made in the first and the cascade works in both directions, depending on the selection. The tricky bit was getting the index of the selection in the second drop down. I eventually found samples of the IndexOf and FindByText ListItemCollection methods on the MSDN site.

    <asp:DropDownList ID="InstrumentDDL" AutoPostBack="true"  
        OnSelectedIndexChanged="InstrumentDDL_SelectedIndexChanged"
            Width="100" runat="server">
        <asp:ListItem Text="Select" Value="Select"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Guitar" Value="Guitar"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Mandolin" Value="Mandolin"></asp:ListItem>
    </asp:DropDownList>

    <asp:DropDownList ID="GuitarDDL" AutoPostBack="true"  
        OnSelectedIndexChanged="GuitarDDL_SelectedIndexChanged"
            Enabled="false" Width="100" runat="server">
        <asp:ListItem Text="Select" Value="Select"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Fender" Value="Fender"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Gibson" Value="Gibson"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Gretsch" Value="Gretsch"></asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem Text="Martin" Value="Martin"></asp:ListItem>
    </asp:DropDownList>

    protected void InstrumentDDL_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Reset GuitarDDL
        GuitarDDL.SelectedIndex = -1;

        // Dynamically enable the GuitarDDL based on InstrumentDDL selection
        if (InstrumentDDL.SelectedValue == "Guitar")
        {
            GuitarDDL.SelectedItem.Text = "Select";
            GuitarDDL.Enabled = true;
        }
        else
        {
            GuitarDDL.SelectedItem.Text = GuitarDDL.SelectedValue;
            GuitarDDL.Enabled = false;
        }
    }

    protected void GuitarDDL_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Every menu item refers to "Guitar" in the InstrumentDDL menu (except "Select")
        if (GuitarDDL.SelectedValue == "Select")
        {
            // Reset InstrumentDDL menu and disable the GuitarDDL menu
            InstrumentDDL.SelectedIndex
                = InstrumentDDL.Items.IndexOf(InstrumentDDL.Items.FindByText("Select"));
            GuitarDDL.Enabled = false;
        }
        else
        {
            InstrumentDDL.SelectedIndex
                 = InstrumentDDL.Items.IndexOf(InstrumentDDL.Items.FindByText("Guitar"));
        }
    }